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OPINION: Nobody wants to be a teacher today; we have to change that

McPherson College President Michael Schneider
By MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
McPherson College president

Katie Grose is a second-generation band teacher from Jefferson West High School in northeast Kansas. I heard her story last spring when she was at McPherson College supporting our band program. Her dad was a band teacher and so is her brother. A few years ago, Katie had reservations when her daughter wanted to carry on the family tradition and go into teaching.

The sad fact is nobody wants to be a teacher anymore. It’s especially true for young people trying to figure out what they want to be when they grow up. Becoming a teacher isn’t even on their list. It’s not on their parents’ list, either. When polled in 2018, 54 percent of parents nationwide said they did not want their child to become a teacher. Even educators themselves have been advising young people not to enter the profession.

As students headed back to school this fall, Kansas school districts continued to face a teacher shortage of epic proportions. Multiple school districts started classes without the full complement of teachers they needed, and some districts had literally no applicants for open positions this year—particularly in elementary and special education.

From Hutchinson to Meade to the suburbs of Topeka and Kansas City, district superintendents contend that teacher recruitment is more challenging today than at any time in the last two decades. And the recent report on teacher openings by the Kansas State Board of Education confirmed that teaching vacancies are up 27 percent over last year. The Kansas school year started with 815 open teaching positions. Considering the last 20 years of political hostility toward teachers, it’s not hard to figure out why.

It doesn’t get much clearer—kids in Kansas don’t want to be teachers. We have to change that.

Two years ago, with the teacher shortage making headlines and the number of teacher education graduates remaining flat, McPherson College developed solutions to address the problem. We started with the launch of an accelerated teacher education program, which includes an innovative curriculum that gets teacher education graduates into school districts faster and at a higher rate of pay.

Under our program, students can earn a combined bachelor’s and master’s degree in just four years. In addition, our program has endorsements in special education and English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL), which are both important needs in Kansas schools. This program saves students thousands of dollars. And—because teacher salaries are generally based on the highest level of education obtained—first-year teachers from our accelerated program typically earn a higher starting salary than first-year teachers with only a bachelor’s degree.

We’ve also launched EdChat, an annual event for high school students interested in becoming teachers. In the last two years, over 100 students participated in workshops on the latest trends in elementary and secondary education, gaining insights from national and state experts.

The feedback from our EdChat events is encouraging. Participants tell us they’ve gone home fueled with new ideas and eager to earn their education degree. They look forward to having classrooms of their own one day and can’t wait to start their careers.

These steps by McPherson College are just the beginning. There’s a lot more we can do as a college (and collectively) to get kids excited about becoming teachers. Twenty years of political squabbling forced an entire generation of Kansas students to grow up thinking that becoming a teacher was a bad idea. Thankfully, the battles over school funding are civil these days, and now maybe we all can move forward with respect and appreciation for teachers so they can focus on learning in their classrooms rather than defending their life’s work.

At McPherson College, we’re changing the conversation about teachers and promoting the idea that teaching is a rewarding career path. We hope you’ll add your voice to this conversation.

Luckily, Katie Grose’s daughter decided to become a teacher and is the third generation of her family to direct bands in the state of Kansas. Let’s do more so that Katie’s grandkids will want to be teachers too — because when kids don’t want to become teachers, it’s the adults who have failed. We can’t afford to fail.

The Latest: Prosecutors to drop charges of false rape report by KU student

LAWRENCE, Kan. (AP) — Prosecutors in Kansas are dropping all charges against a University of Kansas student accused of falsely reporting a rape, saying they feared publicity surrounding the case could discourage sexual assault victims from coming forward.

Douglas County District Attorney Charles Branson said in a statement Monday that the three felony counts of making a false report were dropped after much discussion. His office believed in the merits of the case, he said, but the “cost to our community and the negative impact on survivors of sexual violence cannot be ignored,” reports The Kansas City Star.

“We are concerned this case, and the significant amount of misinformation surrounding it, could discourage other survivors from reporting their attack,” Branson said. “That is unacceptable.”

Cheryl Pilate and Branden Bell, attorneys for the woman, said that although they were pleased their client could “finally put this nightmare behind her,” they were “disappointed that the DA’s office continues to promote the fiction that this case was supported by the facts.” The statement added: “It was not.”

Police first spoke to the woman in September 2018 outside a Lawrence hospital before she went inside to undergo a rape examination, according to court records. The woman said she had been raped by the friend of her ex-boyfriend, but the details were fuzzy because she was drunk at the time. She also said she didn’t want to press charges but allowed officers to look through her phone.

Police interpreted the texts as an acknowledgement that the sex was consensual, according to court records. District Attorney Charles Branson says the woman fabricated being raped out of regret and to get revenge.

However, the woman’s attorneys argue in court documents that she is innocent and that her text messages made light of what happened because she wasn’t yet able to admit she had been raped after waking up in a strange bed with no memory of how she got there with unexplained bruises on her legs, neck and arms. They say police decided to investigate her rather than the man whom she alleged attacked her. The man, who also was a university student, was never charged.

The woman’s legal fees were covered in part by the Times Up Legal Defense Fund, an organization founded by celebrities during the #metoo movement.

The student’s attorneys said she never told officers she wanted to pursue charges, though she did say she might consider it at some point. The police investigation began in October 2018 after the student asked for a detective to be present when she made a formal statement to Title IX investigators at the university, according to testimony from a motions hearing. The student ultimately decided not to meet with the university, and her attorneys say she never told officers she wanted to pursue charges, though she did say she might consider it at some point.

Patrick Compton, a Lawrence Police Department spokesman, said police have the latitude to determine whether to proceed with a case even if the reporting party declines to press charges.

Going forward, Branson said in his statement Monday, he planned to work with police to update his office’s guidelines for investigating and prosecuting sexually violent crimes. Law enforcement will provide multiple options for “survivors to report crimes on their terms,” he said.

The media isn’t naming the woman because she says she is the victim of a sexual assault and the paper has a policy of not naming sexual assault victims. The felony false reporting charge carried a maximum sentence of up to 23 months in prison.

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KANSAS CITY, Kan. (AP) — Prosecutors plan to drop all charges against a University of Kansas student accused of falsely reporting a rape.

Douglas County district attorney’s office filed a motion Monday to drop the three felony counts of making a false report against the woman.

The woman’s attorneys contend she is innocent , saying she was mistreated by police and prosecutors after reporting she was raped by a friend of her ex-boyfriend last year.

Prosecutors had contended the woman fabricated the story out of regret and to get back at her ex-boyfriend. Police have said text messages show the sex was consensual.

The woman contended the messages made light of the incident because she was not able to admit at the time that she had been raped.

Wanda M. Seymour

Wanda M. Seymour, 91, passed away Saturday, October 26, 2019. She was born May 25, 1928, in Sacramento, California, the daughter of Leonard and Lois (Phippen) Hawks.

She was a retired sales clerk.

She is preceded in death by her husband, George, and brothers, Lawrence and Lewis.

She is survived by her children: Rebecca Martin, Downs; Michael Williams, Denver; Dennis Williams, Denver; Kenneth Williams, Denver; David Williams, Downs; Steven Williams, Indiana; Richard Williams, Columbus, OH and Carol Burkhart, Ohio; 21 grandchildren and numerous great grandchildren and great-great- grandchildren, as well as siblings: Fern, Roy, Ray, Lorraine, and Doris.

No services are planned at this time. Domoney Funeral Home, PO Box 127, Downs, KS 67437 in charge of arrangements.

Robert Leroy Daniels

Goodland, Kansas, resident Robert Leroy Daniels, age 85, passed away on Friday, October 25, 2019, at his home in Goodland.

Bob was born September 18, 1934 to Raymond Chester and Lillie Lucille (Wilcox) Daniels in Goodland. He grew up in Goodland and graduated from Goodland High School in 1951. On January 22, 1977, he married Phyllis Nickerson-Finch. Bob was a U.S. Airforce Veteran, he worked as an architect draftsman for the Government Bureau of Reclamation in the Provinces of Vietnam and many locations in the United States. He was one of the main architects involved in the construction of the Hoover Dam in Nevada as well as many other government projects.

He is preceded in death by his parents; brothers, Norwood, Ted, Lowell, Billy and Donald; sisters, Pauline, Catherine and Ann; and stepdaughter, Peggy Bierhaus.

He is survived by his wife, Phyllis; stepdaughters, Jill (Ken) Johnson, Debbie McCloud of Loveland, CO; stepson Budd Finch of Loveland, CO; brother, Jim (Joyce) Daniels of Goodland, KS; and many nieces, nephews, family and friends.

Memorial service will be Saturday, November 2, 2019 at 11 a.m. MT at the Goodland Cemetery, North Main Street in Goodland.

In lieu of flowers the family has requested that you donate to a charity of your choice in honor of Bob. Online condolences and information www.batemanfuneral.com

Kirby Lee VanDegrift

Kirby Lee VanDegrift, 64, passed away on October 24, 2019 at his home in Ness City, Kansas. He was born on September 22, 1955 in Ness City, Kansas the son of Barry and Loretta (Switzer) VanDegrift.

He was a Rig Operator for both Cheyenne Well Service and Hembree Well Service. He also worked several years as a custodian and later as head custodian for the Ness City Public Schools. Kirby enjoyed hunting and fishing, working on cars, working with wood, and cooking on the barbecue for his family and friends. On November 12, 1977 he married Sharon Castor in Ness City. Together they had two children, Lori and Tony. They were later divorced. He married Nancy Holt on Saturday, April 1st, 2000, in Ness City, Kansas.

Kirby is survivored by his wife, Nancy; two daughters, Lori Weaver (Jeremy) of Ness City and Brenda M. Rhodes (Joe) of Corona, California; three sons, Anthony Vandegrift of Scott City, Jason E. Jensen (Donna) of Harvard, Nebraska, and David Jensen of Idaho Falls, Idaho; 3 brothers, Mick Vandegrift (Nancy) of Hutchinson, Rick Vandegrift (Carol) of Ellinwood, and Kirk “Cork” Vandegrift of Hiakman, Kentucky; 12 grandchildren and 2 great grandchildren plus one on the way.

Cremation has taken place and a Memorial service will be held on Saturday, November 2, 2019, 10:30 AM, at the Fitzgerald Funeral Home, Ness City. Inurnment will follow in the Ness City Cemetery.

Memorial contributions may be given to the Kirby VanDegrift Funeral Fund.

Marlin Henry Bernard

Marlin Henry Bernard, 86, passed away on Thursday, October 24, 2019 at his home, with his wife, Pat, at his side, in Osborne, KS. He was born January 1, 1933 to Henry Adam & Lucille (Louch) Bernard at their home in Hiawatha, NE. There he attended country school until the 8th grade. After the 8th grade he worked on the family farm with his dad.

Marlin met Patricia (Pat) Maranville while helping his cousin (on a date with Pat) dig his car out of the snow. Marlin gave her a ride home and soon they were married on January 6, 1952. To this union, 4 sons were born. Marlin & Pat shared 67 wonderful years together.

Marlin was a loyal husband, wonderful father & a good provider for his family. He ws very involved in all of his son’s activities including being a Scout Master for the Boy Scouts. As the boys grew, he was also a Methodist Youth Sponsor. His passions included breaking & training horses as well as spending time with family and friends.

Marlin was preceded in death by his parents and one sister, Maxine Reynolds.

Marlin is survived by his wife, Pat; 4 sons: Kenny (Dani Jo) of Kanopolis, KS; Larry (Julie) of Russell, KS; Danny (Deborah) also of Russell, KS; Kelly of Ellsworth, KS; 7 grandchildren and 14 great-grandchildren; 2 sisters: LaVeta Howard and Arlene Sharp.

Joyce Elaine White

Joyce Elaine White, 78, died October 27, 2019, at Morton County Senior Living, Elkhart, Kansas. She was born September 10, 1941, in Great Bend, the daughter of Joe T. and Emma J. (Reif) Prosser. She graduated from Hoisington High School, received her bachelor’s from Marymount College in Salina and later earned her masters from Fort Hays State University.

A longtime resident of Hoisington, she was an elementary school teacher, teaching primarily Kindergarten and 3rd Grade, and was also a reading specialist. Mrs. White taught in Salina, France, Schilling Air Force Base, Colorado, Odin, and retired in 2006 from Hoisington USD 431.

She was a member of St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church and Altar Society. She was also a member of the KNEA and the NEA. She enjoyed reading and traveling in her spare time, but most of all supporting her grandchildren in their activities.

On January 18th, 1964, she married Jimmy Lee White. He preceded her in death on June 16, 2016.

Survivors include; two sons, Brian White of Hoisington, Blaine White and wife Jenn of Omaha, Arkansas; daughter, Jina Arellano and husband Joseph of Garden City; two brothers, Jim Prosser of Springfield, Missouri and Steve Prosser of Wichita; eight sisters, Bonnie Schremmer and husband Bill of Hoisington, Lois McClain and husband Jerald of Goddard, Celeste Meitner and husband Jim of Hoisington, Rita Solorio and husband Lou of Emporia, Nona Robinson and husband Bob of Marion, Nancy Yackshaw of Wichita, Patti Myers and husband David of Borger, Texas, and Annie Holmes and husband Jon of Shawnee; 13 grandchildren, 11 great grandchildren, and many nieces and nephews.

She was preceded in death by her parents, husband, an infant daughter, Jane Marie White; brother, Allen Prosser, and a sister, Mary Jane Prosser.

Friends may call 12 noon to 8 p.m. Wednesday at the funeral home. Family will receive friends from 6 to 8 p.m. with Vigil and Rosary to begin at 7 p.m.

Mass of Christian Burial will be 10 a.m., Thursday, October 31, 2019, at St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church, celebrated by Father Anselm Eke, MSP. Burial will follow in St. John Church Cemetery, Hoisington.

Memorials can be made to St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church, in care of Nicholson-Ricke Funeral Home, PO Box 146, Hoisington, KS 67544.

John Paul Cameron

John Paul Cameron, 53, passed away October 27, 2019 in Hill City, Kansas.

John Paul was born February 11, 1966 to James and Barbara (Martin) Cameron. He was the youngest of four children.

He grew up in Hill City but spend most of his adult life living in Massachusetts and North Carolina working for American Paper company as a printer.

He was proceeded in death by his father, Jim Cameron.

He is survived by his mother, Bobby Bell; brothers: Tim (Kathy) Cameron, Hill City, Jim Bob Cameron, Mesa, Arizona; sister, Rhonda (Jim) McDonald, Hill City.

A private family burial will be at a later date.

22-year-old Kansas man enters plea deal for fatal shooting

Jolly -photo Geary County

By Dewey Terrill, JC Post

GEARY COUNTY —A 22-year-old Kansas man has entered a plea deal in a fatal August 2018 shooting in Junction City.

Fontelle Jolly, Junction City, entered pleas of no contest in Geary County District Court Friday to Voluntary Manslaughter, a level three person felony and Aggravated Battery, a level five lesser felony, according to Geary County Attorney Krista Blaisdell

The court originally charged Jolly with Reckless Second Degree Murder and Aggravated Battery, level four, but pleaded no contest to the new charge in an amended complaint. A jury trial had been scheduled to begin on Monday, but now will not occur.

The charges stemmed from the August 31, 2018 fatal shooting of Felix Snipes, 29, Junction City, and the wounding of Cartavius King, 25, Junction City outside an apartment complex on Wildcat Lane on the west side of Junction City.

Snipes was shot two times in the chest and later died from his injuries. King had testified he was shot three or four times.

Court testimony has revealed the the incident began as an altercation between Jolly and his girlfriend in one of the nearby apartments. King was called to the scene and later testified that he remembered that he and Snipes told Jolly to leave the premises, and Jolly sat in his own vehicle. King said he and Snipes were ready to leave, they turned around and Jolly shot them.  Sentencing for Jolly is scheduled for December 30.

Prolonged Missouri River flooding could last all winter

OMAHA, Neb. (AP) — Flooding along the Missouri River has stretched on for seven months in places and could endure through the winter, leaving some Upper Midwest farmland and possibly some homes encased in ice.

Flooding in Doniphan County Kansas in March 2019- photo KDOT

There are several reasons for the flooding, including high levels along the river, saturated ground and broken levees. And with forecasters predicting a wetter-than-normal winter, it’s possible flooding could continue in some places all the way until spring, when the normal flood season begins.

“There’s no end in sight. None at all,” said Tom Bullock, who hasn’t been able to live in his northwestern Missouri home since March because floodwaters cut off access to it.

In Missouri’s Holt County, where Bullock serves as emergency management director, roughly 30,000 acres (12,140 hectares) of the 95,000 acres (38,445 hectares) that flooded last spring remain underwater, and at least some of that floodwater is likely to freeze in place this winter.

Similar conditions exist in places along the lower Missouri River, where broken levees will likely take several years to repair.

Nearly every levee in Holt County has multiple breaches and many haven’t even been examined yet. Repairs aren’t likely to start on most of the area’s levees until next year, Bullock said.

One key contributor to the flooding is that the river remains high because the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is still releasing massive amounts of water from upstream dams to clear space in the reservoirs to handle next spring’s flooding.

The Corps said it has been releasing more than twice the normal amount of water from most of the dams along the river and will likely continue at that pace into mid-December.

This year has been exceptionally wet in the Missouri River basin, and the amount of water flowing down the river through the year is expected to match the 2011 record of 61 million acre-feet (75.24 billion cubic meters). That is why the releases must remain high until the river freezes over in winter.

Other rivers and lakes in the region are also swollen. For example, parts of the James River in the Dakotas may not drop below flood stage between now and the start of next year’s flood season. About 50,000 sandbags are in place to protect homes and other structures near the river in Jamestown, North Dakota.

“I have never seen the water anywhere near this in the fall,” said Bill Anderson, who lives near the James in Montpelier, North Dakota. “If we get a bunch of snow, it’s not going to be pretty.”

South Dakota officials are also closely watching Lake Andes, which is the largest natural water body in the state and has been overflowing for months. The lake borders the Yankton Sioux Indian Reservation and is located near the Missouri River and Fort Randall Dam.

For the last six months, residents in the town of Lake Andes and surrounding areas have had to deal with high water that has washed out roads, flooded basements and inundated graves, said Kip Spotted Eagle, the tribe’s historic preservation director. The problem is exacerbated by a 1930s aqueduct that is not properly draining water from the lake to the Missouri River, he said.

“The water is going to freeze and it’s going to stay there and it’s going to be a big problem,” said Spotted Eagle, who lives in Wagner. “Families and kids are going to walk across that ice because it’s a shortcut to town. It’s a recipe for disaster.”

At this point, any significant rain or snow in the region could lead to new flooding because the soil is too saturated to absorb most of it and many rivers are high, according to the National Weather Service.

“It wouldn’t take a big precipitation event to renew the flooding in places,” said Kevin Low, a weather service hydrologist at the Missouri River Basin River Forecast Center.

The latest long-term winter forecast from the U.S. Climate Prediction Center predicts that much of the northern United States, including the northern Great Plains, is likely to experience a wetter-than-normal winter. That could mean there will be above-average snowpack in the Missouri River’s watershed by spring.

“It’s just not a very good setup,” Low said.

That’s bad news for farmers such as Gene Walter, whose low-lying land north of Council Bluffs, Iowa, was underwater for most of this year. Walter still can’t work on most of his land because even though the floodwaters have partly receded, it is still too muddy.

Crop insurance will give Walter about 75 percent of his normal income, but this year has been full of additional expenses related to flood damage, so “the financial drain has been unbelievable,” Walter said.

“We’re just tired, he said. “We’ve been beat up so much. We’re just tired.”

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Outgoing Ellis Public Works director shares water concerns with current, potential council members

By JAMES BELL
Hays Post

ELLIS — Before the regular meeting of the Ellis City Council last week, outgoing Director of Public Works Alan Scheuerman shared with current and potential council members a summary of issues the council will be facing.

Among the issued presented was the continued presence of higher-than-allowed total trihalomethanes, commonly referred to as TTHM, in the water system.

“We do have a TTHM problem, and it’s getting worse,” Scheuerman said.

Trihalomethanes are a byproduct of chlorine interacting with organic material in the water supply and refers to a group of chemicals that include chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform.

The Kansas Department of Health and Environment, following the guidance of the Environmental Protection Agency, mandates TTHM levels under 80 parts per billion in public water supplies.

“We are coming in at 89 and 100, which brought our (running annual average) up to 89 and, unless we can come up with a much lower number – like a 40 in December, we’re going to have another one above 80,” Scheuerman said.

The highest TTHM average in Ellis last year was reported as 73, according to the KDHE consumer confidence report, meaning even with the current high levels the risk to the public is low.

Standard warnings from the EPA for consumers with water high in TTHM indicate health problems only occur after years of ingestion.

“This is not an emergency,” the EPA said in the standard letter to consumers that have high TTHM levels. “If it had been, you would have been notified immediately. Some people who drink water containing trihalomethane in excess of the (maximum contaminant levels) over many years may experience problems with their liver, kidneys or central nervous system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.”

Scheuerman said he believes the high TTHM levels are due to bromide leaching into the water system from organic materials while the amount of water in the city water wells is higher than normal.

“When it starts coming in at every test scheduled, which is every quarter, my guess is that the state is going to require us to take some kind of change or alteration to improve that,” he said.

Last year, 27 water systems in Kansas were found to have TTHM over the statutory limit – resulting in 55 violations, and Scheuerman, noting another city in western Kansas is currently facing similar issues.

The city is working with outside companies to find a cost-effective solution that can be worked into the city’s water plan.

Those companies will meet with the council in the future to address the issue, Scheuerman said, warning that if a solution is not found to alleviate the problem, the state could force the city into action.

Iron manganese treatment is a potential option and is likely the most cost-effective as it would only add another chemical feed into the system and the treatment is already used for inflow water, Scheuerman said.

“The other option we could do is a (reverse osmosis) system, which is extremely expensive,” he said. “We are not looking to do that method if at all possible.”

Mayor David McDaniel said at a recent governmental meeting he spoke with agents from two engineering firms that work with the city and was informed they are nearing a solution that would not require the reverse osmosis system.

As the city searches for other water sources, Scheuerman said, adding water into the system might also dilute the TTHM in the water under mandated levels and KDHE grants could cover up to one-third of the cost of adding another source of water to the system if that is used as the TTHM solution.

“There are multiple options there, but the city also needs to keep moving forward, because the state does not like you to sit on your laurels and say ‘We’ve got the water, we’ve got the land, but we are just going to sit there and look at it for the next 10 years,’ ” Scheuerman said. “They want to see you do something with it, which means you are probably going to have to spend some dollars.”

An engineering estimate totaled $3.7 million to $4.25 million two years ago that would secure another water source, including land and construction costs.

Scheuerman said the city could also try to partner with a rural water district to bring in water at a lower cost than securing new wells.


It’s not just what is going out, but what is coming in


Another issue that the council will face in the future will be water entering the sewer system rather than what comes from the taps, Scheuerman told the group, from damaged roads and storm drains.

“If you look at where the most damage is occurring, (it) is underneath the sewer and storm drains,” he said, noting water is infiltrating the sewer system under roadways and sections of roads in several areas of town.

“It’s getting worse,” Scheuerman said, noting repairs and maintenance need to be kept in mind when the council is lining up capital improvement projects.

Current council member Martin LaBarge agreed.

“Sometime, somehow, those streets are going to have to be fixed, because they are getting worse,” he said.

“On Washington Street, it is quite visible,” Scheuerman said. “You can see parts of the street are dropping and part of that is due to the tile breaking and water infiltrating down, going into those openings and taking dirt with it.”

He also noted one storm drain line has already collapsed.

“I know it is collapsing because there is no pipe left underneath there,” Scheuerman said. “We can’t get the sewer machine through it. If you can’t get a 2-inch sewer machine to ream that line, I guarantee … it was collapsed.”

He warned the council that funding is needed to address the problem, and other cities often have a fund specifically for storm drain maintenance, something he has recommended to the council in the past.

“If you have a major break, where you have to redo a section of storm drains, you have set no funding aside for that purpose,” Scheuerman said.

In those situations, the only solution is using tax dollars if no funds are available, which would take away from street repair funds.

“It will come back to haunt you because it will get worse,” Scheuerman said.

He suggests the new council begin accumulating a capital improvement fund to help those kinds of repairs.

“Your cost to repair will continue to rise,” Scheuerman said.

Repair funds, he told the group, are mandated by law to be separated and recommended the council re-evaluate the 2 percent water bill increase that was voted down this year to be used for maintenance.

“With these types of dollar amounts that you are going to need to keep your water safe and usable, I suggest that you reconsider about that 2 percent,” Scheuerman said.

“I think with the kind of dollar amount that you need to continue to put into your water system you can probably not afford to let that drop,” he said. “An annual 2-percent increase is a lot easier to swallow for a lot of people … than a $20 change 10 years from now.”


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