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Kansas man accused of abuse after DUI arrest with child in car

SEDGWICK COUNTY — Law enforcement authorities investigating a Kansas man for child abuse charges after a DUI arrest.

Barrios photo Sedgwick Co.

Just after 1a.m. Friday, police arrested 24-year-old David Barrios who was driving in Wichita.

 Officers booked him into the jail for DUI, driving while license canceled or suspended, driving with an unrestrained passenger under the age of 14, for unsafe turning or stopping, failure to give a proper signal and for not wearing his seat belt, according to the Sedgwick County booking report.

 Barrios posted bond and was no longer in custody Saturday afternoon.

Kansas felon going back to prison for armed bank robbery

KANSAS CITY, KAN. – A Kansas man was sentenced to 154 months in federal prison for armed bank robbery, according to U.S. Attorney Stephen McAllister.

Hameke photo KDOC

Damon Hammeke, 26, Leavenworth, Kan., pleaded guilty to one count of armed bank robbery and one count of brandishing a firearm during a robbery. In his plea, he admitted that on Nov. 21, 2017, he robbed the Country Club Bank at 2310 South 4th Street in Leavenworth. He entered the bank wearing a white jacket and black mask and carrying a handgun. He left the bank with money.

Two days later, an officer in Tonganoxie attempted to stop him for a traffic offense. Hammeke fled, leading police on a high-speed chase through Tonganoxie, Basehor, Lansing, Leavenworth, Platte County, Mo., and Kansas City, Kan., before they were able to stop him.

He has previous convictions for drugs and flee or attempt to elude law enforcement, according to the Kansas Department of Corrections.

Chiefs WR Tyreek Hill speaks for first time since return

ST. JOSEPH, Mo. (AP) — Tyreek Hill was contrite but repentant in his first comments since he was banished from the Kansas City Chiefs following an audio recording in which his then-fiance accused him of hurting their son.

Hill during Sunday’s press briefing photo courtesy KC Chiefs

The star wide receiver declined Sunday to discuss the specifics of his case, which wound to a conclusion late last week when the NFL declined to punish him for violating the league’s personal conduct policy. But he did apologize for the precarious situation he left the Chiefs in this past offseason.

“I’ve learned to just appreciate those around me,” Hill said after the Chiefs’ second workout of training camp at Missouri Western. “I feel like I take that for granted sometimes, being a professional athlete. I tend to not stay humble, you know what I’m saying? I still love my kids and I still love my family, but I feel like sometimes I take all of those things for granted.”

The Chiefs were poised to make their first selection in the NFL draft when the graphic, secretly taped audio of Hill and Crystal Espinal aired on a local TV station. The Chiefs quickly suspended the two-time All-Pro from all team-related activities and, uncertain of Hill’s future with the organization, used a second-round pick on speedy wide receiver Mecole Hardman.

Hill remained barred from the team during voluntary summer workouts and the Chiefs’ mandatory minicamp, even after the local district attorney decided there was not enough evidence to pursue charges.

The NFL was still weighing whether to punish Hill under terms of its personal conduct policy when it sent investigators to Kansas City late last month. During an eight-hour session, Hill supplied the league with his side of the story, laying out the facts from his point of view.

″(Commissioner) Roger Goodell and his team did their thing. They dug in, got all the facts, and I’m very appreciative of those guys as well,” Hill said. “The meeting was long. It was probably the longest meeting of my life. It was crazy. What I was trying to get across was just the facts, man.”

The NFL ultimately decided late last week that it would not punish Hill, and the Chiefs immediately announced that his team-issued suspension was lifted and he would be reporting to training camp.

He was not available to reporters during check-in day Friday, nor did Hill speak following the Chiefs’ first practice Saturday. But he was carried to the practice field by a chorus of fans chanting “Tyreek! Tyreek!” in what could only be described as a groundswell of support.

It was a 180-degree turn from the sentiments most fans had just a few months ago.

“The love feels good, to come back out here and get a chance,” Hill said. “I’m on a new journey as far as me growing as a father and as a human.”

There is still an ongoing investigation by the Kansas Department for Children and Families, and Hill said he could not discuss that case. Nor would he discuss the specifics of a recent sit-down that he had with Clark Hunt, the Chiefs’ chairman and the most visible face of the ownership family.

Hill did acknowledge learning a lesson he hoped to pass on to younger players.

“You can look at me and tell I’ve been through a lot,” he said, “even when I first came into the league. I had a bad history. Just be thankful for the ones around you, stay humble and grounded, love your parents and your kids — if you have kids — and just work hard.”

Hill caught 12 touchdown passes and set a franchise record with 1,479 yards receiving last season, earning his third Pro Bowl trip in as many seasons. It’s a big reason why the Chiefs were interested in signing him to a long-term deal as he entered the final year of his rookie contract.

Where those talks now stand remains in question.

“It was good having him back out there,” Chiefs offensive coordinator Eric Bieniemy said Sunday. “He is an intelligent kid. He picked up right where he left off. “He’s doing a heck of a job.”

As Trump expands deportation powers, immigrants prepare

CHICAGO (AP) — A sweeping expansion of deportation powers unveiled this week by the Trump administration has sent chills through immigrant communities and prompted some lawyers to advise migrants to gather up as much documentation as possible — pay stubs, apartment leases or even gym key tags — to prove they’ve been in the U.S.

Image from facebook broadcast during the arrest in Kansas City earlier this week when federal immigration officers trying to arrest a Mexican man smashed a car window and dragged him from the vehicle in front of his girlfriend and two young children. He was quickly deported.

But the uncertainty about how the policy might play out has created confusion and made it harder to give clear guidance to immigrants. Attorneys and immigrant rights groups gave conflicting advice about whether to carry these documents.

The new rules will allow immigration officers nationwide to deport anyone who has been here illegally for less than two years. Currently, authorities can only exercise such powers within 100 miles (161 kilometers) of the border and only target people who have been here less than two weeks.

Critics say the new policy will embolden Immigration Customs and Enforcement officers to indiscriminately round up immigrants, depriving them of a chance to make their cases before a judge or consult with a lawyer. Some have called it a “show me your papers” trope on a national scale, and roughly 300,000 immigrants living in the country illegally could be affected by the expansion, according to one estimate by the nonpartisan Migration Policy Institute.

Attorneys immediately began advising immigrants to start compiling documents that prove they had been in the country for at least two years — anything showing a consistent presence in the United States. But they don’t have to necessarily carry it with them.

“We’re operating absolutely blind at the moment,” said David Leopold, an immigration attorney in Cleveland.

For years, immigrant rights groups have advised people without legal status to not carry any identification with a place of origin on it so it doesn’t come back to hurt them in immigration court. Without the possibility of ever getting a day in court, questions loomed.

“Carry some limited amount of paperwork,” said Houston-based immigration attorney Mana Yagani. “I would advise them to have a copy of that at a lawyer’s office and at a friend that they trust.”

Still, others keep up the adage of to say and carry nothing.

“Don’t carry anything and exercise your right to remain silent,” said longtime Chicago activist Rosi Carrasco.

The National Immigrant Justice Center, based in Chicago, encouraged immigrants to create a safety plan, keeping key documents in a central location and giving trusted friends access, along with making plans to pick up children from school in an emergency.

The expansion, which is certain to face lawsuits, has already raised potential issues.

Critics worry the rules will give ICE officers free rein. They point to an instance in Kansas City earlier this week when federal immigration officers trying to arrest a Mexican man smashed a car window and dragged him from the vehicle in front of his girlfriend and two young children. He was quickly deported.

And they also cite the case of an 18-year-old American citizen from Dallas who was detained for more than three weeks after being apprehended at a Texas checkpoint where authorities are currently allowed to exercise expedited removals of people in the country illegally. He was arrested because authorities suspected he was in the country illegally.

The American Civil Liberties Union has vowed to sue, as has the American Immigration Council, which said the expansion threatens due process.

Trump administration officials touted the change as a way to deal with the lack of detention space as it grapples with a surge of migrants from Central America at the southern border. It is the latest in a series of tough measures the president has taken to crack down on immigration, including hardening of asylum rules and forcing migrants to wait in Mexico before coming into the U.S.

ICE Acting Director Matthew Albence called the expansion “an important tool to more efficiently remove illegal aliens encountered in the interior and alleviate resource constraints ICE faces with detention space and in immigration courts,” according to a memo sent to all ICE employees Wednesday.

Albence said it was critical that the use of the expanded powers be applied consistently and well-documented. He said training would be required for any official before exercising the authority. He also offered more specific guidance, which ICE declined to make public.

For the time being, Antonio Gutierrez, 30, has prepared an emergency plan and retained an attorney. He’s been living in the country illegally for nearly 20 years.

Gutierrez crossed the border from Mexico illegally when he was 11 but was rejected for protection from deportation in an Obama-era program for young people because he was charged with driving under the influence.

He gathered up papers, including letters from acquaintances and his rejection from the Obama program, in a safe spot at home in Chicago. While other members of his family have been able to get legal status to remain in the U.S., he hasn’t.

“Being organized allows me a sense of safety,” he said.

Advocates said they differed on whether it was necessary to physically have documents available at all times. To some, it’s more important to talk to a lawyer and understand their legal rights.

This is an especially big challenge because the vast majority of immigrants don’t have attorneys. Only 14 percent of immigrants who are detained have a lawyer when they go to court, according to a 2016 American Immigration Council study.

“We’re really mindful of not wanting to create alarm unnecessarily,” said Daniel Sharp, legal director at the Central American Resource Center in Los Angeles. “Our first advice to everyone is to get informed, obtain legal consultation and understand your right to remain silent, rather than carrying around a big stack of papers.”

Governor appoints three members to Capitol Preservation Committee

Kansas capitol building

OFFICE OF GOV.

TOPEKA – Governor Laura Kelly appointed Will Lawrence and Sharon Wenger, and reappointed Jennie Chinn to the Capitol Preservation Committee.

“I know the addition of Will and Sharon, and Jennie’s continued service on the Capitol Preservation Committee will guarantee beauty and restoration practices at the Statehouse,” Kelly said. “I am proud to appoint Kansans who have special knowledge regarding the unique history of the building in hopes that they will continue to make this landmark outstanding.”

Will Lawrence, Lawrence, currently serves as chief of staff to the governor. Previously, Lawrence worked as the chief of staff for Kansas Senate Minority Leader Anthony Hensley. He has also worked as an attorney in private practice. Lawrence graduated from Washburn University with a bachelor’s degree in political science and received his juris doctorate from the Washburn University School of Law.

Sharon Wenger, Topeka, currently serves as senior fiscal analyst in the Kansas Legislative Research Department. Previously, Wenger served as the director of the Bureau of Epidemiology, assistant secretary, and assistant to the director of Health at the Kansas Department of Health and Environment. Wenger received her master’s degree in public administration from the University of Kansas and a bachelor’s degree in political science from Kansas State University.

Jennie Chinn, Topeka, will serve as chair of the committee. Chinn is the executive director of the Kansas State Historical Society and has served on the committee for several terms. Previously, Chinn served as education division director and interim executive director of the Historical Society. She graduated from the University of California with a bachelor’s degree in humanities and a master’s degree in folklore and mythology.

The committee approves all proposals for renovation concerning all areas of the state Capitol building, including the Capitol’s visitor center and the grounds surrounding the Capitol. The group works to preserve the proper décor and to assure the art and artistic displays are historically accurate. The group also oversees the reconfiguration or redecoration of committee rooms throughout the building.

Suspect jailed for shooting that left 3 injured, Kansas airman dead

SEDGWICK COUNTY — Law enforcement authorities are investigating have made an arrest in the Saturday shooting  that left a 20-year-old McConnell Air Force Base airman dead  and three other  injured,

Markeithen McClaine photo Sedgwick Co.

Just after 2 a.m., police responded to a disturbance with shots fired at the Horizons East Apartment complex located in the 500 block of North Rock Road, according to officer Kevin Wheeler.

Upon arrival, officers found a 20-year-old  who was shot and was unresponsive in the parking lot. Officers rendered aid until medical personnel arrived, who continued life-saving measures. The man was shortly after pronounced deceased. Police have not released his name.

Two of the three other victims included a 21 year-old-man and a 22-year-old man.. They were transported to a local hospital where they were treated and released for non-life threatening injuries. A 19-year-old woman was also transported by private vehicle to a local hospital with a gunshot wound. Her injury is considered to be serious, but she is expected to survive.

 

Police on the scene of the shooting investigation early Saturday photo courtesy KWCH

Late Saturday, police reported  the arrest of 25-year-old Markeithen McClaine on requested charges of 1st Degree murder and three counts of aggravated battery, according to Wheeler.

The preliminary investigation revealed that a party was being held at one of the apartment units. There was a disturbance that occurred in the parking lot and shots were fired by the suspect.

The base “is deeply saddened by the loss of one of our airmen,” according to a statement from Col. Richard Tanner, commander of the 22nd Air Refueling Wing.

 

The Associated Press Contributed to this report.

 

 

Democrat governor getting to shape Kansas’ top court

TOPEKA, Kan. (AP) — The Kansas Supreme Court’s chief justice plans to retire before the end of the year, allowing first-year Democratic Gov. Laura Kelly to leave a bigger mark on the state’s highest court than her conservative Republican predecessors.

Chief Justice of the Kansas Supreme Court, Lawton Nuss with his wife, Barbara Nuss, January, 2019.
NOMIN UJIYEDIIN / KANSAS NEWS SERVICE

Chief Justice Lawton Nuss announced Friday that he would step down Dec. 17 after serving on the court since 2002 and as chief justice since 2010. During Nuss’ tenure as chief justice, GOP conservatives increasingly criticized the court as too liberal and too activist for the state over rulings on abortion, capital punishment and public school funding.

His announcement came a little more than two weeks after Justice Lee Johnson, another target of criticism on the right, announced plans to retire in September. That means Kelly will have two appointments to the seven-member court since she took office in January when conservative GOP Govs. Sam Brownback and Jeff Colyer had only one appointee between them during the previous eight years.

Both justices voted repeatedly to direct legislators to increase education funding in recent years and were part of the 6-1 majority that declared in April that the state constitution protects access to abortion as a “fundamental” right. They also voted to overturn death sentences in capital murder cases, though Nuss concluded that the death penalty law itself is constitutional.

Kelly’s choices won’t have to gain support in the Republican-controlled Legislature or from its conservative leaders because lawmakers have no role in high-court appointments under the state constitution. Many GOP legislators expected to push to change the selection process after the Legislature reconvenes in January, but they won’t be able to enact changes before Kelly replaces Johnson and Nuss.

“Gov. Kelly and her political allies on the bench are clamoring to pack the high court before the Kansas people, through their elected representatives, have a chance to reform the process,” said state Sen. Ty Masterson, a conservative Wichita-area Republican who advocates having the state Senate confirm court appointees.

A commission led by lawyers will screen applications for the two high-court vacancies, hold public interviews and submit finalists’ names to Kelly.

Explaining the timing of his departure, Nuss noted in a letter to Kelly that Kansas governors and legislative leaders traditionally serve no more than eight years and, “By those measures alone, certainly, it is time I depart.”

In an Associated Press interview, Nuss, a former Marine, said he and his wife want to work on veterans issues, such as establishing specialized courts to treat veterans who run afoul of the law. He said he discussed that topic with fellow veterans about a month ago in Washington.

“I’m very passionate about it and if I step away from being on the bench, then I can go further and speak out more forcefully on those issues,” he said.

Nuss’ retirement automatically will elevate the next senior justice, Marla Luckert to chief justice. Both she and Nuss were appointees of moderate Republican Gov. Bill Graves.

Johnson and three other justices were appointed by Democratic Gov. Kathleen Sebelius. Justice Caleb Stegall, the only dissenter in the abortion case, was appointed by Brownback.

Justices face a statewide, yes-or-no vote every six years on whether they should remain on the Supreme Court, and its rulings in recent years inspired campaigns to oust all of them except Stegall. They all narrowly failed, including one against Nuss and three other justices in 2016.

Kansas law would have allowed Nuss to stand for retention again in 2022 and serve through 2028.

“I spend about 70 hours a week in my job,” Nuss said. “It just becomes time, in my view, after almost 10 years, to say, ‘That is enough, let someone else take over.'”

Before being appointed to the court, Nuss served in the Marines for four years before attending law school at the University of Kansas and practicing law in the central Kansas town of Salina for two decades. He also has an affinity for cowboy poetry and has judged state contests.

“He’s been in the arena, doing difficult work on behalf of Kansans,” Kelly said. “And he has done it well.”

Kansas man, 15-year-old dead after SUV rollover crash

WILSON COUNTY — Two people died in an accident just before 11p.m. Saturday in Wilson County.

The Kansas Highway Patrol reported a 1995 Ford Explorer driven by Monica Rader, 38, Delta, Co., was northbound on Kansas 39 fifteen miles west of Chanute.

The driver swerved to miss an animal in the roadway. The SUV rolled multiple times, entered the east ditch and the three passengers were ejected from the vehicle.

Ronald A. Hudson, 35, Thayer, and Malachi Hill, 15, Chanute, were pronounced dead at the scene. Rader and Keishawn Valenzuela, 14, Chanute, were transported to Wesley Medical Center. None of occupants were wearing seat belts, according to the KHP.

Meet the well-meaning pioneer behind a vegetarian ‘fairy land’ in Kansas

Henry S. Clubb was an Englishman at the forefront of the vegetarian movement in the mid-1800s. He attempted to establish a vegetarian settlement in Kansas in 1856.
(Photo public domain)

 
Kansas News Service

Vegetarians have their reasons for not eating meat. But “I am an optimist” doesn’t have a regular spot on lists more typically focused on health and environmental benefits.

Optimism was, however, the Englishman Henry Clubb’s rationale more than 100 years ago, when he enticed dozens of people to move to the radical territory of Kansas to start a vegetarian settlement in what is now Allen County.

“Now we all have come! have brought our fathers, our mothers, and our little ones, and find no shelter sufficient to shield them from the furious prairie winds, and the terrific storms of the climate!” wrote a woman from New York named Miriam Colt.

Colt and her family were among those who had given money to Clubb based on his promise that the settlement would be habitable by the time they got there. It took the Colt family more than a month to make the trip. They arrived exhausted, soaked from a spring storm, and were greeted with a meal of hominy, stewed apples, and tea in a wet tent.

“Can any one imagine our disappointment this morning, on learning from this and that member, that no mills have been built,” Colt wrote, “that the directors, after receiving our money to build mills, have not fulfilled the trust reposed in them, and that in consequence, some families have already left the settlement.”

In 1862, Miriam Colt published an account of her participation in the failed vegetarian settlement in what became Allen County, Kansas.
(Photo public domain)

Colt published her account of the experiment in 1862, under the extraordinary title “Went to Kansas; Being a Thrilling Account of an Ill-Fated Expedition to that Fairy Land, and its Sad Results.”

“I think it’s way too easy, when you look back on previous times, to kind of laugh and say, ‘What were they thinking, all packing off to Kansas where there wasn’t even a railroad and thinking they could subsist as a vegetarian colony?'” says Kansas City writer Aaron Barnhart.

Barnhart and his partner, Diane Eickhoff, have published several books about the region’s history. They’re now working on the story of Henry Clubb’s settlement; their initial research was based on Colt’s book.

The two have visited the site of Clubb’s outpost just south of what is now Humboldt, Kansas. Barnhart acknowledges that, yes, the town failed, but so did thousands of other pioneer settlements all founded with similar optimism.

“Going to the place where history happened humbles you, and makes you realize that these people were intelligent beings who wanted to change their world and the world around them, and you’ve got to respect that.”

In the mid-1800s, Clubb was certain that vegetarianism was the path to physical and social reform, and hopeful that humans could attain a divinity that carnivorous animals never could.

And Kansas made so much sense as the American epicenter of vegetarianism.

As a journalist, Clubb covered the passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which allowed residents of a state to determine whether that state would be free or allow slavery.

He saw abolitionists and slavers alike flood the territory in order to shore up their side of the cause before Kansas became a state and declared itself one way or the other.

At the same time, Clubb knew the women’s suffrage movement was strong in Kansas.

The territory was the fulcrum of social change in the center of the nation in the middle of the century. The vegetarian movement fit right in.

Clubb’s settlement was in Osage territory on the banks of the Neosho River. The first intended residents arrived in the spring of 1856 and left that same fall.

Aaron Barnhart and Diane Eickhoff at the site of the 1809 Bible-Christian Church in Salford, England, where Henry Clubb dedicated himself to vegetarianism before moving to the U.S. (Photo courtesy Aaron Barnhart)

At its core, Barnhart says, the movement was not a health or lifestyle decision Clubb and his followers were making, it was an ethical decision.

“When (Clubb) was trying to convey this to small children in the publications he edited over the years, he really boiled it down to these three words: Do Not Hurt,” Barnhart says.

These words are the working title of Barnhart and Eickhoff’s book on the subject. Clubb and his followers might not have harmed animals in the attempted establishment of their settlement, but the people ended up in a whole world of hurt.

Aaron Barnhart spoke with KCUR on a recent edition of Central Standard. Listen to the full conversation here.

Former Kan. school band instructor sentenced for having nude pics of student

WELLINGTON, Kan. (AP) — A former Wellington High School band instructor has been sentenced to 16 months in prison for sexual exploitation of a child.

Olson photo KBI offender registry

Thirty-year-old Ben Olson was sentenced Thursday in Sumner County District Court. He pleaded guilty in March after admitting that he had a nude photo of a 17-year-old girl.

Olson apologized in court for his actions. He said he was recently admitted to a center to address his mental health.

The victim and the mother also spoke in court. They said Olson had betrayed their trust after the girl looked up to him as a friend and “father figure.”

Olson was suspended from the Wellington district in November and fired in April.

As part of his guilty plea, Olson must register as a sex offender.

1 dead, 4 hospitalized after wrong-way Kansas crash

FINNEY COUNTY — One person died in an accident just after 11:30a.m. Saturday in Finney County.

The Kansas Highway Patrol reported a 2000 GMC Sierra driven by Mariano,Rodriguez, 22, Wichita Falls, TX, was eastbound on U.S. 50 one mile west of Chmelka Road in the westbound lane.

The pickup struck a westbound 2006 Pontiac G6 driven by Saine Taw, 37 Garden City, in the passenger side.

Lay, Par Lay, 47, Garden City, was transported to St. Catherine’s Hospital where he died.
Taw and a passenger in the pickup Ricardo Alvardo, 12, Wichita Falls, TX., were transported to Wesley Medical Center.

Rodriguez and another passenger in the pickup Luz Huerta Perez, 21, Wichita Falls, TX., were transported to St. Catherine’s Hospital.

All five were properly restrained at the time of the accident, according to the KHP.

Ex-KC officer charged in fatal crash outside Arrowhead stadium

KANSAS CITY (AP) — A former Kansas City police officer has been charged months after he was involved in a fatal crash outside the stadium where the Kansas City Chiefs play.

Fatal crash scene photo courtesy KCTV

34-year-old Terrell Watkins has been charged with first-degree involuntary manslaughter, two counts of second-degree assault and a misdemeanor count of careless and imprudent driving.

Court records say Watkins was off-duty and driving a Kansas City Police Department Ford E350 van on Interstate 435 when he slammed into the back of a car on Oct. 21. The driver of the car, 17-year-old Chandan Rajanna, was killed, and his father and sister, who were passengers, were seriously injured.

Witnesses told police the van had been speeding and making numerous lane changes as it passed other vehicles. Investigators say at the time of the crash, Watkins was late for a moonlighting job as a security officer for Chiefs.

Governor reappoints member to State Board of Technical Professions

OFFICE OF GOV.

TOPEKA – Governor Laura Kelly reappointed Carisa Lyn McMullen to the State Board of Technical Professions.

“We need qualified individuals overseeing engineering, architecture, geology, land surveying and other practices that have a far-reaching impact on our everyday lives,” Kelly said. “Carisa has been a real asset on this board with her extensive knowledge and experience.”

McMullen, Olathe, is a landscape architect and currently serves as the principal at Landworks Studio. She has worked in both municipal and private sectors. McMullen received a bachelor’s degree in landscape architecture from Kansas State University. She has worked on numerous projects including: University of Kansas West Campus Master Plan in Lawrence, the Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport in Wichita, The Labette Community College Pedestrian Corridor in Parsons, and the Vision Iola Community Master Plan in Iola.

The board registers and licenses engineers, architects, surveyors and landscape architects. The group works to provide maximum protection of the health, safety, and welfare of Kansans by assuring their practice of engineering, architecture, land surveying, landscape architecture and geology in the state is properly carried out.

Per K.S.A 74-7005, each member of the State Board of Technical Professions must be a resident of the state of Kansas. Each term is four years with a limit of three successive terms.

All 13 board members are appointed by the governor. Four members must be licensed engineers, two must be licensed surveyors, three must be licensed architects, one must be a licensed landscape architect, one must be a licensed geologist, and two must be from the general public.

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